(a) Complement of signaling systems found in Naegleria gruberi showing founding eucaryotes had critical signaling pathways involved in multicellular nervous systems. (b) Two of four genes involved in meiosis are universal even to Giardia showing sexuality was also universal.
I have just completed the 2015 edition of my foundation article Tree of Life Tangled Roots and Sexy Shoots, complete with the latest research into genetic relationships all the way from the first life on Earth to the evolutions of human languages.
It has lots of new material and a complete updating of all the current research references, shedding new light on the origins of sexuality, the first higher nucleated eucaryote cells and where these originally may have come from.
It also contains current research on human emergence including our relationship with the Neanderthals and Denisovans and our migration out of Africa.
